In computing, mounting means to carry out or uphold any sort of storage device or network devices for their accessibility. In order to do so, the user must make the devices accessible to the operating system of the host computer. It’s because, the user can only access mounted data in a mounted medium.
Mount point is another term used to describe the physical destination in the division that is utilized as a core file system. Different file system provides the host computer with some sort of meta data for enabling it to write and read data. So, when a media is mounted, the meta data is recognized by the operating system, and thus it can use the storage space.
Call 714-662-4959 or 800-392-6962
Saturday, December 31, 2011
Memory Sticks and their different types
Computer Memory sticks are a type of flash memory card format which was introduced by Sony Corporation as a standard for all the Sony devices. The different types are memory stick pro which has greater storage capabilities and read or write speeds. Memory stick duo is another type which is a smaller variant of original memory stick. Smaller than duo is the memory stick micro.
Sony
added the Memory Stick PRO-HG, a high speed variant of the PRO to be used in high-definition video and still cameras in December 2006. Sony generally includes Memory Stick reader hardware in many of its electronic products such as digital cameras, digital music players, PDAs, cellular phones, the VAIO line of laptop computers, and the PlayStation Portable.
Memory sticks with mark 2 certification have capabilities of high speed and memory and can be used in camcorders for HD recording and other purposes.
Sony
added the Memory Stick PRO-HG, a high speed variant of the PRO to be used in high-definition video and still cameras in December 2006. Sony generally includes Memory Stick reader hardware in many of its electronic products such as digital cameras, digital music players, PDAs, cellular phones, the VAIO line of laptop computers, and the PlayStation Portable.Memory sticks with mark 2 certification have capabilities of high speed and memory and can be used in camcorders for HD recording and other purposes.
Friday, December 30, 2011
Mounting-Things to Know
In computing, mounting means to carry out or uphold any sort of storage device or network devices for their accessibility. In order to do so, the user must make the devices accessible to the operating system of the host computer. It’s because, the user can only access mounted data in a mounted medium.
Mount point is another term used to describe the physical destination in the division that is utilized as a core file system. Different file system provides the host computer with some sort of meta data for enabling it to write and read data. So, when a media is mounted, the meta data is recognized by the operating system, and thus it can use the storage space.
Mount point is another term used to describe the physical destination in the division that is utilized as a core file system. Different file system provides the host computer with some sort of meta data for enabling it to write and read data. So, when a media is mounted, the meta data is recognized by the operating system, and thus it can use the storage space.
Memory Sticks and their different types
Computer Memory sticks are a type of flash memory card format which was introduced by Sony Corporation as a standard for all the Sony devices. The different types are memory stick pro which has greater storage capabilities and read or write speeds. Memory stick duo is another type which is a smaller variant of original memory stick. Smaller than duo is the memory stick micro.
Sony added the Memory Stick PRO-HG, a high speed variant of the PRO to be used in high-definition video and still cameras in December 2006. Sony generally includes Memory Stick reader hardware in many of its electronic products such as digital cameras, digital music players, PDAs, cellular phones, the VAIO line of laptop computers, and the PlayStation Portable.
Memory sticks with mark 2 certification have capabilities of high speed and memory and can be used in camcorders for HD recording and other purposes.
Sony
added the Memory Stick PRO-HG, a high speed variant of the PRO to be used in high-definition video and still cameras in December 2006. Sony generally includes Memory Stick reader hardware in many of its electronic products such as digital cameras, digital music players, PDAs, cellular phones, the VAIO line of laptop computers, and the PlayStation Portable.Memory sticks with mark 2 certification have capabilities of high speed and memory and can be used in camcorders for HD recording and other purposes.
Laptop Notebook Bags-The Most Useful Accessories
Bags are referred to that kind of accessories capable of holding all the necessary documents and materials within it. Bags are considerably vital for computer system users nowadays. If you have a laptop or notebook, then it is necessary to have a bag to carry your laptop with you wherever you go.
Along with your notebook, you can also carry all the important papers and documents in the bags so that you could be able to entertain yourself while working. Different kinds of bags are available with enormous designs and styles. Additionally, these consist of additional spaces for carrying your clothes as well.
So, if you are going to a business trip, you can bring some clothes along with your laptop in these bags, and thus you can enjoy the tour comfortably. So, by now you can realize that accessories like laptop
or notebook bags are really very useful.
Along with your notebook, you can also carry all the important papers and documents in the bags so that you could be able to entertain yourself while working. Different kinds of bags are available with enormous designs and styles. Additionally, these consist of additional spaces for carrying your clothes as well.
So, if you are going to a business trip, you can bring some clothes along with your laptop in these bags, and thus you can enjoy the tour comfortably. So, by now you can realize that accessories like laptop
or notebook bags are really very useful.
Docking Stations
Generally, a 
docking station is one kind of platform that facilitates the easy plugging-in opportunity to any kind of electronic gadgets like laptops, notebooks, iPads; etc. Several laptops can be used as the substitute of a desktop computer with the help of docking stations. However, in doing so, the mobile computing functionally of those laptops will not decrease.
Depending on the capabilities of the system, portable computers can be docked and undocked at various situations and modes. Docking stations usually maintain the computer system with physical support such as mounting up or down the display, use of cooler, etc.
Docking stations are of four types depending on their use, normally. The types include port replicator, converter dock, breakout dock, and computer stand. You can get your desired docking stations from numerous brands and manufacturers.
docking station is one kind of platform that facilitates the easy plugging-in opportunity to any kind of electronic gadgets like laptops, notebooks, iPads; etc. Several laptops can be used as the substitute of a desktop computer with the help of docking stations. However, in doing so, the mobile computing functionally of those laptops will not decrease.Depending on the capabilities of the system, portable computers can be docked and undocked at various situations and modes. Docking stations usually maintain the computer system with physical support such as mounting up or down the display, use of cooler, etc.
Docking stations are of four types depending on their use, normally. The types include port replicator, converter dock, breakout dock, and computer stand. You can get your desired docking stations from numerous brands and manufacturers.
Power Supplies Need Power Backplanes
A backplane is a number of connectors that are connected with each other in parallel combination. This type of connection makes a computer bus and is used as a backbone to form a computer system. Disk enclosures, disk arrays, and servers are found to use backplanes.
To provide flexibility in the interface, power supplies need power backplanes. For this reason, to make a redundant power supply there’s no need to modify any cost sensitive backplanes.
Required power supply can be acquired using a number of power backplanes. Either AC or DC power is supplied to the power planes with the help of proper connector. There are also ATX-style power connectors available to supply regulated power. They can provide large supply currents when needed in a variety of applications.
To provide flexibility in the interface, power supplies need power backplanes. For this reason, to make a redundant power supply there’s no need to modify any cost sensitive backplanes.
Required power supply can be acquired using a number of power backplanes. Either AC or DC power is supplied to the power planes with the help of proper connector. There are also ATX-style power connectors available to supply regulated power. They can provide large supply currents when needed in a variety of applications.
Computer System Upgrades
Upgrades mean to change or replace an older version of any kind of hardware, software or program with a newer version. This term is generally used for computer systems and other consumer electronics. In the case of computers, upgrades include RAM replacement or addition, adding multiple hard drives, processor upgrade, graphics cards, sound cards, replacing the existing CRT monitor with an LCD or LED, installing high-performance software and other applications, etc.
However, you should keep in mind that not all the upgrades work swiftly with the existing system. So, it is recommended that don’t purchase any upgrades without trial and authentication. You should upgrade your system with the high-quality products from various renowned brands like SONICWALL, Compaq, IBM, etc.
However, you should keep in mind that not all the upgrades work swiftly with the existing system. So, it is recommended that don’t purchase any upgrades without trial and authentication. You should upgrade your system with the high-quality products from various renowned brands like SONICWALL, Compaq, IBM, etc.
Laptop Notebook Bags-The Most Useful Accessories
Bags are referred to that kind of accessories capable of holding all the necessary documents and materials within it. Bags are considerably vital for computer system users nowadays. If you have a laptop or notebook, then it is necessary to have a bag to carry your laptop with you wherever you go.
Along with your notebook, you can also carry all the important papers and documents in the bags so that you could be able to entertain yourself while working. Different kinds of bags are available with enormous designs and styles. Additionally, these consist of additional spaces for carrying your clothes as well.
So, if you are going to a business trip, you can bring some clothes along with your laptop in these bags, and thus you can enjoy the tour comfortably. So, by now you can realize that accessories like laptop or notebook bags are really very useful.
Along with your notebook, you can also carry all the important papers and documents in the bags so that you could be able to entertain yourself while working. Different kinds of bags are available with enormous designs and styles. Additionally, these consist of additional spaces for carrying your clothes as well.
So, if you are going to a business trip, you can bring some clothes along with your laptop in these bags, and thus you can enjoy the tour comfortably. So, by now you can realize that accessories like laptop
or notebook bags are really very useful.
Docking Stations
Generally, a docking station is one kind of platform that facilitates the easy plugging-in opportunity to any kind of electronic gadgets like laptops, notebooks, iPads; etc. Several laptops can be used as the substitute of a desktop computer with the help of docking stations. However, in doing so, the mobile computing functionally of those laptops will not decrease.
Depending on the capabilities of the system, portable computers can be docked and undocked at various situations and modes. Docking stations usually maintain the computer system with physical support such as mounting up or down the display, use of cooler, etc.
Docking stations are of four types depending on their use, normally. The types include port replicator, converter dock, breakout dock, and computer stand. You can get your desired docking stations from numerous brands and manufacturers.
docking station is one kind of platform that facilitates the easy plugging-in opportunity to any kind of electronic gadgets like laptops, notebooks, iPads; etc. Several laptops can be used as the substitute of a desktop computer with the help of docking stations. However, in doing so, the mobile computing functionally of those laptops will not decrease.Depending on the capabilities of the system, portable computers can be docked and undocked at various situations and modes. Docking stations usually maintain the computer system with physical support such as mounting up or down the display, use of cooler, etc.
Docking stations are of four types depending on their use, normally. The types include port replicator, converter dock, breakout dock, and computer stand. You can get your desired docking stations from numerous brands and manufacturers.
Use of DIMM memory modules in computers
DIMM means Dual In Memory Module. DIMM chips are DRAM chips connected in series. They are used widely in personal computers. DIMM chips have a printed circuit board which connects the different DRAM chips in series so that they can be used in a computer.
DIMM memory modules have a 64 bit memory path and they began to get popular with Intel based P5 systems. There are different types of DIMM cards according to the number of pins on each card. DDR DIMMs are popular in present day computing technology with DDR3 DIMM in the top. DDR2 and DDR3 each have a different notch positions in their DIMM cards to prevent accidental entry of one card in to a slot allotted for other type of card.
Most of the DIMM memory modules are built with x4 or x8 DRAM memory chips with 9 memory chips per side. The speeds increase as the type of DRAM in DIMM chips differs. DDR3 stands at the top in speed with DDR2, DDR and SDRAM DIMM in order.
DIMM memory modules have a 64 bit memory path and they began to get popular with Intel based P5 systems. There are different types of DIMM cards according to the number of pins on each card. DDR DIMMs are popular in present day computing technology with DDR3 DIMM in the top. DDR2 and DDR3 each have a different notch positions in their DIMM cards to prevent accidental entry of one card in to a slot allotted for other type of card.
Most of the DIMM memory modules are built with x4 or x8 DRAM memory chips with 9 memory chips per side. The speeds increase as the type of DRAM in DIMM chips differs. DDR3 stands at the top in speed with DDR2, DDR and SDRAM DIMM in order.
PCBA Printed Circuit Board Assembly
The PCBA stands for Printed Circuit Board Assembly. As we all know that computer system works with the integration and combination of various components so, it is necessary to connect all the required components and devices via printed circuit board and there lies the significance of PCBA.
It is used to connect the electronically attached components by means of mechanical support. The PCBA consists of different pathways with internal copper wiring, and a laminate, which is electrically neutral or non-conductive.
The main advantage of a PCBA is, it is reliable and can be designed according to the desired size and shape. However, the initial cost is a bit higher, but they are very much affordable and faster for bulk production and distribution. Moreover, the production and joining of PCBA can be done by automated equipments without any hassle.
It is used to connect the electronically attached components by means of mechanical support. The PCBA consists of different pathways with internal copper wiring, and a laminate, which is electrically neutral or non-conductive.
The main advantage of a PCBA is, it is reliable and can be designed according to the desired size and shape. However, the initial cost is a bit higher, but they are very much affordable and faster for bulk production and distribution. Moreover, the production and joining of PCBA can be done by automated equipments without any hassle.
Power Supplies Need Power Backplanes
A backplane is a number of connectors that are connected with each other in parallel combination. This type of connection makes a computer bus and is used as a backbone to form a computer system. Disk enclosures, disk arrays, and servers are found to use backplanes.
To provide flexibility in the interface, power supplies need power backplanes. For this reason, to make a redundant power supply there’s no need to modify any cost sensitive backplanes.
Required power supply can be acquired using a number of power backplanes. Either AC or DC power is supplied to the power planes with the help of proper connector. There are also ATX-style power connectors available to supply regulated power. They can provide large supply currents when needed in a variety of applications.
To provide flexibility in the interface, power supplies need power backplanes. For this reason, to make a redundant power supply there’s no need to modify any cost sensitive backplanes.
Required power supply can be acquired using a number of power backplanes. Either AC or DC power is supplied to the power planes with the help of proper connector. There are also ATX-style power connectors available to supply regulated power. They can provide large supply currents when needed in a variety of applications.
Thursday, December 29, 2011
Graphics Cards Memory – Bandwidth or Quantity?
Graphics cards with bigger RAMs perform better. This theory is not true. RAMs are employed on the graphics cards to store data and allow for features that are needed to run games. More RAM doesn't always make a difference because the amount of RAM doesn’t have a direct influence on graphics cards performance. But bandwidth of the RAM has.
Clock rate and interface width are the two factors that affect bandwidth of a graphics card RAM. Clock rate is measured in MHz whereas width of an interface is measured in bits. Greater bandwidth means more data transfer at a time which increases the performance. 200 MHz memory transfers data faster than 100 MHz memory and 256 or 128 bit interface is always quicker than 64 bit interface.
Clock rate and interface width are the two factors that affect bandwidth of a graphics card RAM. Clock rate is measured in MHz whereas width of an interface is measured in bits. Greater bandwidth means more data transfer at a time which increases the performance. 200 MHz memory transfers data faster than 100 MHz memory and 256 or 128 bit interface is always quicker than 64 bit interface.
Computer System Upgrades
Upgrades mean to change or replace an older version of any kind of hardware, software or program with a newer version. This term is generally used for computer systems and other consumer electronics. In the case of computers, upgrades include RAM replacement or addition, adding multiple hard drives, processor upgrade, graphics cards, sound cards, replacing the existing CRT monitor with an LCD or LED, installing high-performance software and other applications, etc.
However, you should keep in mind that not all the upgrades work swiftly with the existing system. So, it is recommended that don’t purchase any upgrades without trial and authentication. You should upgrade your system with the high-quality products from various renowned brands like SONICWALL, Compaq, IBM, etc.
However, you should keep in mind that not all the upgrades work swiftly with the existing system. So, it is recommended that don’t purchase any upgrades without trial and authentication. You should upgrade your system with the high-quality products from various renowned brands like SONICWALL, Compaq, IBM, etc.
EDO Memory
EDO Memory, the short form of Extended Data-Out memory is a memory chip technology that helps in improving the memory performance up to 10-15 percent if attached to an equivalent and compatible device.The DRAM is structured based on the matrix bits and thus; due to time restriction, the capability of higher performance is limited by the memory controller. On the other hand, an EDO memory permits the controller to start a new column address when performing at the present address. So, the total operating performance increases significantly.
Generally, the exterior of an EDO memory is similar to a SIMM memory, but the designs of the chips are different.
Use of DIMM memory modules in computers
DIMM means Dual In Memory Module. DIMM chips are DRAM chips connected in series. They are used widely in personal computers. DIMM chips have a printed circuit board which connects the different DRAM chips in series so that they can be used in a computer.
DIMM memory modules have a 64 bit memory path and they began to get popular with Intel based P5 systems. There are different types of DIMM cards according to the number of pins on each card. DDR DIMMs are popular in present day computing technology with DDR3 DIMM in the top. DDR2 and DDR3 each have a different notch positions in their DIMM cards to prevent accidental entry of one card in to a slot allotted for other type of card.
Most of the DIMM memory modules are built with x4 or x8 DRAM memory chips with 9 memory chips per side. The speeds increase as the type of DRAM in DIMM chips differs. DDR3 stands at the top in speed with DDR2, DDR and SDRAM DIMM in order.
DIMM memory modules have a 64 bit memory path and they began to get popular with Intel based P5 systems. There are different types of DIMM cards according to the number of pins on each card. DDR DIMMs are popular in present day computing technology with DDR3 DIMM in the top. DDR2 and DDR3 each have a different notch positions in their DIMM cards to prevent accidental entry of one card in to a slot allotted for other type of card.
Most of the DIMM memory modules are built with x4 or x8 DRAM memory chips with 9 memory chips per side. The speeds increase as the type of DRAM in DIMM chips differs. DDR3 stands at the top in speed with DDR2, DDR and SDRAM DIMM in order.
PCBA Printed Circuit Board Assembly
The PCBA stands for Printed Circuit Board Assembly. As we all know that computer system works with the integration and combination of various components so, it is necessary to connect all the required components and devices via printed circuit board and there lies the significance of PCBA.
It is used to connect the electronically attached components by means of mechanical support. The PCBA consists of different pathways with internal copper wiring, and a laminate, which is electrically neutral or non-conductive.
The main advantage of a PCBA is, it is reliable and can be designed according to the desired size and shape. However, the initial cost is a bit higher, but they are very much affordable and faster for bulk production and distribution. Moreover, the production and joining of PCBA can be done by automated equipments without any hassle.
It is used to connect the electronically attached components by means of mechanical support. The PCBA consists of different pathways with internal copper wiring, and a laminate, which is electrically neutral or non-conductive.
The main advantage of a PCBA is, it is reliable and can be designed according to the desired size and shape. However, the initial cost is a bit higher, but they are very much affordable and faster for bulk production and distribution. Moreover, the production and joining of PCBA can be done by automated equipments without any hassle.
Graphics Cards Memory – Bandwidth or Quantity?
Graphics cards with bigger RAMs perform better. This theory is not true. RAMs are employed on the graphics cards to store data and allow for features that are needed to run games. More RAM doesn't always make a difference because the amount of RAM doesn’t have a direct influence on graphics cards performance. But bandwidth of the RAM has.
Clock rate and interface width are the two factors that affect bandwidth of a graphics card RAM. Clock rate is measured in MHz whereas width of an interface is measured in bits. Greater bandwidth means more data transfer at a time which increases the performance. 200 MHz memory transfers data faster than 100 MHz memory and 256 or 128 bit interface is always quicker than 64 bit interface.
Clock rate and interface width are the two factors that affect bandwidth of a graphics card RAM. Clock rate is measured in MHz whereas width of an interface is measured in bits. Greater bandwidth means more data transfer at a time which increases the performance. 200 MHz memory transfers data faster than 100 MHz memory and 256 or 128 bit interface is always quicker than 64 bit interface.
EDO Memory
EDO Memory, the short form of Extended Data-Out memory is a memory chip technology that helps in improving the memory performance up to 10-15 percent if attached to an equivalent and compatible device.The DRAM is structured based on the matrix bits and thus; due to time restriction, the capability of higher performance is limited by the memory controller. On the other hand, an EDO memory permits the controller to start a new column address when performing at the present address. So, the total operating performance increases significantly.
Generally, the exterior of an EDO memory is similar to a SIMM memory, but the designs of the chips are different.
Sound Cards
Whenever we listen to music and watch movies on our computer, it gives us lots of pleasure. This great opportunity is provided by a computer chip known as sound card. Sound cards are internal computer expansion cards that are provided with both input and output audio signals facilities from and to the computer by means of some computer programs.
The general use of sound cards includes multimedia applications such as video editing, music composition, watching videos, presentations, educations, etc. It is also used to hear the notification alert of the computer system while running different programs.
The reputed brands of sound cards include Creative, IBM, Dell, Compaq, Ncr, Gateway, NEC and many more. If you want to hear the surround sound to your music and movies, you can purchase a 5.1 or 7.1 sound card to fulfill your demand quite easily.
Related Brands
Creative Labs
Dell
HP Hewlett Packard
IBM
Compaq
Gateway
Acer
Crystal Semiconductor
The general use of sound cards includes multimedia applications such as video editing, music composition, watching videos, presentations, educations, etc. It is also used to hear the notification alert of the computer system while running different programs.
The reputed brands of sound cards include Creative, IBM, Dell, Compaq, Ncr, Gateway, NEC and many more. If you want to hear the surround sound to your music and movies, you can purchase a 5.1 or 7.1 sound card to fulfill your demand quite easily.
Related Brands
Creative Labs
Dell
HP Hewlett Packard
IBM
Compaq
Gateway
Acer
Crystal Semiconductor
SDRAM and its significance
SDRAM stands for Synchronous dynamic random access memory. SDRAM devices are synchronised to system bus and it waits to sync with system bus before responding to the input controls. This enables SDRAM to function at higher speeds than DRAM. SDRAM cards are widely used in computers.
DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are generations of memory modules than have been developed from SDRAM. SDRAM has auto refresh feature which allows refresh the data without physically removing the device from the computer. SDRAM also has a low power mode. SDRAM is relatively a slower version than DDR as the SDRAM chip only transmits single word of data per clock cycle.
The initial SDRAM was also called Single Data Rate SDRAM also known as SDR SDRAM. A double data interface was developed for SDRAM modules which enable to transfer two data words in a single clock cycle so that the device can perform with high speed transfers. This was named as DDR SDRAM.
DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are generations of memory modules than have been developed from SDRAM. SDRAM has auto refresh feature which allows refresh the data without physically removing the device from the computer. SDRAM also has a low power mode. SDRAM is relatively a slower version than DDR as the SDRAM chip only transmits single word of data per clock cycle.
The initial SDRAM was also called Single Data Rate SDRAM also known as SDR SDRAM. A double data interface was developed for SDRAM modules which enable to transfer two data words in a single clock cycle so that the device can perform with high speed transfers. This was named as DDR SDRAM.
PC Card-What Are They Used For?
A PC Card is identified as the structure-aspect of a secondary interface usually meant for notebook computers. The PC card was known as PCMCIA card earlier.The size of a pc card is similar to the size of a credit card. This type of card was primarily used as the storage device. However, later with the advancement of technology and further applicability for notebooks, this car is used as the communication modems for the laptop and notebook computers.
The PC Card is available in 16 bit and 32 bit mode. Depending upon the thickness and types of this card, other uses of it includes, ATA drives, memory, LAN, sound, SCSIs, etc.
Sound Cards
Whenever we listen to music and watch movies on our computer, it gives us lots of pleasure. This great opportunity is provided by a computer chip known as sound card. Sound cards are internal computer expansion cards that are provided with both input and output audio signals facilities from and to the computer by means of some computer programs.
The general use of sound cards includes multimedia applications such as video editing, music composition, watching videos, presentations, educations, etc. It is also used to hear the notification alert of the computer system while running different programs.
The reputed brands of sound cards include Creative, IBM, Dell, Compaq, Ncr, Gateway, NEC and many more. If you want to hear the surround sound to your music and movies, you can purchase a 5.1 or 7.1 sound card to fulfill your demand quite easily.
Related Brands
Creative Labs
Dell
HP Hewlett Packard
IBM
Compaq
Gateway
Acer
Crystal Semiconductor
The general use of sound cards includes multimedia applications such as video editing, music composition, watching videos, presentations, educations, etc. It is also used to hear the notification alert of the computer system while running different programs.
The reputed brands of sound cards include Creative, IBM, Dell, Compaq, Ncr, Gateway, NEC and many more. If you want to hear the surround sound to your music and movies, you can purchase a 5.1 or 7.1 sound card to fulfill your demand quite easily.
Related Brands
Creative Labs
Dell
HP Hewlett Packard
IBM
Compaq
Gateway
Acer
Crystal Semiconductor
Wednesday, December 28, 2011
Drive Backplanes
Generally, a backplane system is the combination of several connectors linked in a parallel arrangement with each other to form a computer bus. It is widely recognized as the backbone to connect many other printed circuit boards or PWBs together to develop a comprehensive computer system. A drive backplane is the system that allows managing multiple hard drives to operate smoothly.Because of their reliability, and convenient performance, they are widely used nowadays. Basically, the drive backplanes come up with two modes, namely active and passive backplanes. Both of these modes have their significant differences and advantages.
Related Brands
IBM
Sun Microsystems
HP Hewlett Packard
Dell
Compaq
DEC Digital Equipment Corp
Apple
Gateway
SDRAM and its significance
SDRAM stands for Synchronous dynamic random access memory. SDRAM devices are synchronised to system bus and it waits to sync with system bus before responding to the input controls. This enables SDRAM to function at higher speeds than DRAM. SDRAM cards are widely used in computers.
DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are generations of memory modules than have been developed from SDRAM. SDRAM has auto refresh feature which allows refresh the data without physically removing the device from the computer. SDRAM also has a low power mode. SDRAM is relatively a slower version than DDR as the SDRAM chip only transmits single word of data per clock cycle.
The initial SDRAM was also called Single Data Rate SDRAM also known as SDR SDRAM. A double data interface was developed for SDRAM modules which enable to transfer two data words in a single clock cycle so that the device can perform with high speed transfers. This was named as DDR SDRAM.
DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are generations of memory modules than have been developed from SDRAM. SDRAM has auto refresh feature which allows refresh the data without physically removing the device from the computer. SDRAM also has a low power mode. SDRAM is relatively a slower version than DDR as the SDRAM chip only transmits single word of data per clock cycle.
The initial SDRAM was also called Single Data Rate SDRAM also known as SDR SDRAM. A double data interface was developed for SDRAM modules which enable to transfer two data words in a single clock cycle so that the device can perform with high speed transfers. This was named as DDR SDRAM.
PC Card-What Are They Used For?
A PC Card is identified as the structure-aspect of a secondary interface usually meant for notebook computers. The PC card was known as PCMCIA card earlier.The size of a pc card is similar to the size of a credit card. This type of card was primarily used as the storage device. However, later with the advancement of technology and further applicability for notebooks, this car is used as the communication modems for the laptop and notebook computers.
The PC Card is available in 16 bit and 32 bit mode. Depending upon the thickness and types of this card, other uses of it includes, ATA drives, memory, LAN, sound, SCSIs, etc.
Drive Backplanes
Generally, a backplane system is the combination of several connectors linked in a parallel arrangement with each other to form a computer bus. It is widely recognized as the backbone to connect many other printed circuit boards or PWBs together to develop a comprehensive computer system. A drive backplane is the system that allows managing multiple hard drives to operate smoothly.Because of their reliability, and convenient performance, they are widely used nowadays. Basically, the drive backplanes come up with two modes, namely active and passive backplanes. Both of these modes have their significant differences and advantages.
Related Brands
IBM
Sun Microsystems
HP Hewlett Packard
Dell
Compaq
DEC Digital Equipment Corp
Apple
Gateway
Small Outline DIMM aka SODIMM
A small outline dual inline memory module or shortly known as SODIMM is one kind of computer memory used for notebooks and laptops. This kind of memory is designed to meet the primary storage requirements where space is limited or restricted. The SODIMM can be identified whether they are DDR or DDR2 from their distinctive designs. If the notch is located at a far distance from the centre, then it is a DDR memory module. However, notch located near the centre is known as the DDR2 memory module. Generally, these two memory modules cannot be interchanged due to the variations of their designs.
The usual dimension of a SODIMM is, 3.18 cm in width, 6.76 cm in height, and 0.38 cm in depth. However, being a small version than a DIMM, it performs with the same capacity and even better sometimes. IBM, Ncr, Edge Memory, Compaq are some of the reliable manufacturers and suppliers of this product.
The usual dimension of a SODIMM is, 3.18 cm in width, 6.76 cm in height, and 0.38 cm in depth. However, being a small version than a DIMM, it performs with the same capacity and even better sometimes. IBM, Ncr, Edge Memory, Compaq are some of the reliable manufacturers and suppliers of this product.
Upgrade to Sandy Bridge Processors
Intel’s second generation core processors, known as Sandy Bridge, have shown notable improvement in architecture and performance. These processors have low power consumption and they turned this into an ultimate feature that maximizes performance in a variety of applications.
Intel Sandy Bridge processors deliver more performance than Nehalem processors using less energy in a more manageable way. This speed-up is the result of various architectural improvements in the core. These processors provide more firepower to play games and 3D contents. This is said to be the first consumer processor made by Intel that has a fully integrated graphics unit and modular structure to enhance performance in all sorts of ways.
Intel Sandy Bridge processors deliver more performance than Nehalem processors using less energy in a more manageable way. This speed-up is the result of various architectural improvements in the core. These processors provide more firepower to play games and 3D contents. This is said to be the first consumer processor made by Intel that has a fully integrated graphics unit and modular structure to enhance performance in all sorts of ways.
Planar Monitors
Planar monitors are economical and energy efficient while they provide superior performance.
The Planar PLL1900MW LED Backlight comes with features like fast response time, high resolution and exceptional brightness. It reduces scrolling and increases productivity by viewing 2 documents on one screen.
The Planar PLL2010MW 20-inch widescreen LED monitor delivers maximum performance with its energy efficient LED Backlight technology. This monitor has reduced energy consumption and also costs less, while showing everything with excellent quality. This is ideal for applications that require multiple monitors.
The PLL2210MW widescreen LED monitor delivers unmatched viewing experience. This monitor is designed especially for health care environments as it is slim enough to fit seamlessly in any hospital or medical office.
The Planar PLL1900MW LED Backlight comes with features like fast response time, high resolution and exceptional brightness. It reduces scrolling and increases productivity by viewing 2 documents on one screen.
The Planar PLL2010MW 20-inch widescreen LED monitor delivers maximum performance with its energy efficient LED Backlight technology. This monitor has reduced energy consumption and also costs less, while showing everything with excellent quality. This is ideal for applications that require multiple monitors.
The PLL2210MW widescreen LED monitor delivers unmatched viewing experience. This monitor is designed especially for health care environments as it is slim enough to fit seamlessly in any hospital or medical office.
Memory Cards and their use
Memory Cards are NAND Flash memory type chips that are available in extremely small dimensions. There are different classes of memory cards based upon the size and speed of the memory. The memory cards are commonly used in many devices like mobile phones, laptops, portable music players, digital cameras and camcorders and many video game consoles.
Some of the different types of memory cards include sd memory cards, sdhc memory card, MMC etc. SD stands for secure digital and is a standard memory card module for use in most of the mobile phones and laptop computers.
MicroSD is a miniature variant of SD cards and SDHC is a high speed memory card for use in demanding devices like digital SLR cameras which have the need to store a large amount of data in a short amount of time.
There are different classes of SD cards according to the read or write speeds. Solid state memory card devices are also used in many gaming consoles which allow for the graphic games to initiate. There are card readers available for reading the memory card data in a personal computer.
Some of the different types of memory cards include sd memory cards, sdhc memory card, MMC etc. SD stands for secure digital and is a standard memory card module for use in most of the mobile phones and laptop computers.
MicroSD is a miniature variant of SD cards and SDHC is a high speed memory card for use in demanding devices like digital SLR cameras which have the need to store a large amount of data in a short amount of time.
There are different classes of SD cards according to the read or write speeds. Solid state memory card devices are also used in many gaming consoles which allow for the graphic games to initiate. There are card readers available for reading the memory card data in a personal computer.
Small Outline DIMM aka SODIMM
A small outline dual inline memory module or shortly known as SODIMM is one kind of computer memory used for notebooks and laptops. This kind of memory is designed to meet the primary storage requirements where space is limited or restricted. The SODIMM can be identified whether they are DDR or DDR2 from their distinctive designs. If the notch is located at a far distance from the centre, then it is a DDR memory module. However, notch located near the centre is known as the DDR2 memory module. Generally, these two memory modules cannot be interchanged due to the variations of their designs.
The usual dimension of a SODIMM is, 3.18 cm in width, 6.76 cm in height, and 0.38 cm in depth. However, being a small version than a DIMM, it performs with the same capacity and even better sometimes. IBM, Ncr, Edge Memory, Compaq are some of the reliable manufacturers and suppliers of this product.
The usual dimension of a SODIMM is, 3.18 cm in width, 6.76 cm in height, and 0.38 cm in depth. However, being a small version than a DIMM, it performs with the same capacity and even better sometimes. IBM, Ncr, Edge Memory, Compaq are some of the reliable manufacturers and suppliers of this product.
Tuesday, December 27, 2011
Upgrade to Sandy Bridge Processors
Intel’s second generation core processors, known as Sandy Bridge, have shown notable improvement in architecture and performance. These processors have low power consumption and they turned this into an ultimate feature that maximizes performance in a variety of applications.
Intel Sandy Bridge processors deliver more performance than Nehalem processors using less energy in a more manageable way. This speed-up is the result of various architectural improvements in the core. These processors provide more firepower to play games and 3D contents. This is said to be the first consumer processor made by Intel that has a fully integrated graphics unit and modular structure to enhance performance in all sorts of ways.
Intel Sandy Bridge processors deliver more performance than Nehalem processors using less energy in a more manageable way. This speed-up is the result of various architectural improvements in the core. These processors provide more firepower to play games and 3D contents. This is said to be the first consumer processor made by Intel that has a fully integrated graphics unit and modular structure to enhance performance in all sorts of ways.
DRAM modules and its significance
DRAM stands for dynamic random access memory. DRAM devices usually use capacitor charges on an integrated circuit to store the digital information. The capacitor must me recharged frequently, so that the information is retained. So, DRAM is a volatile memory.
DRAMs are generally manufactured in different formats. Some of them are DIP which is Dual in-line package and SIPP, SIMM, DIMM and many other formats. The RAM memory cards used in present day computers are a type of DRAM in DIMM format. DDR3, DDR2 , DDR and SDRAM are synchronous DRAM modules.
DRAM is made to be in sync with the clock of system bus. DRAM chips may contain information after the power supply is removed for longer time at lower temperatures. Under proper conditions, a DRAM is found to contain data for several minutes after power off. This data can be used to break in to encrypted systems and steal private information.
DRAMs are generally manufactured in different formats. Some of them are DIP which is Dual in-line package and SIPP, SIMM, DIMM and many other formats. The RAM memory cards used in present day computers are a type of DRAM in DIMM format. DDR3, DDR2 , DDR and SDRAM are synchronous DRAM modules.
DRAM is made to be in sync with the clock of system bus. DRAM chips may contain information after the power supply is removed for longer time at lower temperatures. Under proper conditions, a DRAM is found to contain data for several minutes after power off. This data can be used to break in to encrypted systems and steal private information.
Memory Cards and their use
Memory Cards are NAND Flash memory type chips that are available in extremely small dimensions. There are different classes of memory cards based upon the size and speed of the memory. The memory cards are commonly used in many devices like mobile phones, laptops, portable music players, digital cameras and camcorders and many video game consoles.
Some of the different types of memory cards include sd memory cards, sdhc memory card, MMC etc. SD stands for secure digital and is a standard memory card module for use in most of the mobile phones and laptop computers.
MicroSD is a miniature variant of SD cards and SDHC is a high speed memory card for use in demanding devices like digital SLR cameras which have the need to store a large amount of data in a short amount of time.
There are different classes of SD cards according to the read or write speeds. Solid state memory card devices are also used in many gaming consoles which allow for the graphic games to initiate. There are card readers available for reading the memory card data in a personal computer.
Some of the different types of memory cards include sd memory cards, sdhc memory card, MMC etc. SD stands for secure digital and is a standard memory card module for use in most of the mobile phones and laptop computers.
MicroSD is a miniature variant of SD cards and SDHC is a high speed memory card for use in demanding devices like digital SLR cameras which have the need to store a large amount of data in a short amount of time.
There are different classes of SD cards according to the read or write speeds. Solid state memory card devices are also used in many gaming consoles which allow for the graphic games to initiate. There are card readers available for reading the memory card data in a personal computer.
Planar Monitors
Planar monitors are economical and energy efficient while they provide superior performance.
The Planar PLL1900MW LED Backlight comes with features like fast response time, high resolution and exceptional brightness. It reduces scrolling and increases productivity by viewing 2 documents on one screen.
The Planar PLL2010MW 20-inch widescreen LED monitor delivers maximum performance with its energy efficient LED Backlight technology. This monitor has reduced energy consumption and also costs less, while showing everything with excellent quality. This is ideal for applications that require multiple monitors.
The PLL2210MW widescreen LED monitor delivers unmatched viewing experience. This monitor is designed especially for health care environments as it is slim enough to fit seamlessly in any hospital or medical office.
The Planar PLL1900MW LED Backlight comes with features like fast response time, high resolution and exceptional brightness. It reduces scrolling and increases productivity by viewing 2 documents on one screen.
The Planar PLL2010MW 20-inch widescreen LED monitor delivers maximum performance with its energy efficient LED Backlight technology. This monitor has reduced energy consumption and also costs less, while showing everything with excellent quality. This is ideal for applications that require multiple monitors.
The PLL2210MW widescreen LED monitor delivers unmatched viewing experience. This monitor is designed especially for health care environments as it is slim enough to fit seamlessly in any hospital or medical office.
SATA PCI Host Adapters for Extra SATA Slots
SATA is the new standard welcomed by hard disk and optical drive makers. It has a data transfer rate of up to 150 MBps. Although it is advantageous over PATA, because of its 133 MBps speed PATA is not dead yet. High speed and limited number of slots call for the need of a SATA PCI host adapter to convert the PCI slot into extra SATA slots. This is very convenient when you have a number of SATA devices.These adapters come to provide high transfer rate, easier configuration and hot swapping capability. External SATA devices are becoming very popular and these host adapters will make use of them very easy. This won’t need any expensive SCSI drives for better performance.
Smartcard based Windows XP log-on
For smartcard based Windows XP log-on, it will require you to enter your pin for your log-on using dial-up connection. After entering the pin, select ok then it will let you choose the network you want to connect with. Wait for the connection to be done as it applies to your personal settings. A tab will show up on your screen saying that the card and certificate were found. Click on the icon for service provider then select the desired card reader for the certificate installer. A window will pop up and you should left click the code on the second line for the information. Certificate information will show and you should highlight the smartcard log on then click ok. Click the smartcard icon again and choose card assistant then click on file connect. Find the pin management then provide the old pin and replace a new pin. A confirmation of pin successful will show up and the next thing to do is to change also the PIN home on the pin management. Disconnect the securesim and connect again to retype the new pin. Wait for the verification of user and password. When securesim is already connected, you can already command it to run.
By: Sarah A.
By: Sarah A.
How to install RAM to your hp pavilion dv6809
In installing the RAM for a laptop saves money because you don’t need to pay someone top do it for you. You can do it for yourself as long as you follow these steps carefully. First, you need to turn off your hp pavilion and remove the battery to avoid short circuits. Second, remove the two screws of the RAM cover then open the cover. Third, pull the connector of the RAM and the memory will suddenly pops up. It is important to not touch the gold pins or even leave a fingerprint on it. After removing the memory, get the new RAM and aligned the notch of the RAM to the connector and press down both side of the module until it connects to the connector. Put the expansion cover and the battery back and you’re good to go.
By: Sarah A.
By: Sarah A.
DRAM modules and its significance
DRAM stands for dynamic random access memory. DRAM devices usually use capacitor charges on an integrated circuit to store the digital information. The capacitor must me recharged frequently, so that the information is retained. So, DRAM is a volatile memory.
DRAMs are generally manufactured in different formats. Some of them are DIP which is Dual in-line package and SIPP, SIMM, DIMM and many other formats. The RAM memory cards used in present day computers are a type of DRAM in DIMM format. DDR3, DDR2 , DDR and SDRAM are synchronous DRAM modules.
DRAM is made to be in sync with the clock of system bus. DRAM chips may contain information after the power supply is removed for longer time at lower temperatures. Under proper conditions, a DRAM is found to contain data for several minutes after power off. This data can be used to break in to encrypted systems and steal private information.
DRAMs are generally manufactured in different formats. Some of them are DIP which is Dual in-line package and SIPP, SIMM, DIMM and many other formats. The RAM memory cards used in present day computers are a type of DRAM in DIMM format. DDR3, DDR2 , DDR and SDRAM are synchronous DRAM modules.
DRAM is made to be in sync with the clock of system bus. DRAM chips may contain information after the power supply is removed for longer time at lower temperatures. Under proper conditions, a DRAM is found to contain data for several minutes after power off. This data can be used to break in to encrypted systems and steal private information.
What difference does a good graphics card make?
A graphics card or a video card is basically an expansion device which is used for processing the graphical information which is used for delivering the output images. Many graphic cards offer various functions which include high speed rendering of 3D graphics and also 2D scenes. The graphic card also performs functions like decoding of video content.Many motherboards have basic graphic cards soldered on to them to perform basic functions like producing the monitor output. Anyways, all the motherboards have expansion slots for connecting the external graphic card or other devices. The onboard graphics processor possesses a very little amount of memory and uses systems RAM to render graphics content. Modern graphic cards have evolved in to gaming devices which enable the processing of high quality 3D graphics to offer a smooth gaming experience.
A graphic card consists mainly of the following components:
Processing Unit: Also known as GPU (Graphics processing unit), this is responsible for all the processing involved in accelerating graphics. These processors are specifically optimized to perform 3D Floating point operations which are basic for 3D and 2D graphics. A GPU is characterized by its clock speed or core speed and the number of pipelines. Latest GPUs are parallel and they have higher processing power than many CPUs.
Memory: This can range from 128 MB to 8 GB in modern graphic cards. This memory is a high speed memory module as the GPU and Other components of graphic card use it. Typically, it can be DDR or GDDR. GDDR is graphics optimized DDR memory and is used in almost all the desktop video cards. DDR memory is used in mobile graphic cards due to the thermal and electrical limitations.
Video BIOS: This is another chip which contains the instructions for the graphic card’s operation. It also has information useful for the system to interact with the graphic card. This part is usually hidden and is different for different type of graphic cards. It determines the clock speed and sometimes also has functionality to overclock the graphic card.
RAMDAC: It stands for Random Access Memory Digital to Analog converter. As the name implies, it converts the digital output in to analog signal for use by output devices. Depending on the number of bits used and the RAMDAC-data-transfer rate, the converter will be able to support different computer-display refresh rates.
A graphic card generally has outputs which contain an analog output and a digital HDMI output. In the current market, AMD acquired ATI and NVIDIA are two world gaints in production of graphic processing units. AMDs Radeon 69XX series are some of the fastest graphic processing units available in the current market.
SATA PCI Host Adapters for Extra SATA Slots
SATA is the new standard welcomed by hard disk and optical drive makers. It has a data transfer rate of up to 150 MBps. Although it is advantageous over PATA, because of its 133 MBps speed PATA is not dead yet. High speed and limited number of slots call for the need of a SATA PCI host adapter to convert the PCI slot into extra SATA slots. This is very convenient when you have a number of SATA devices.These adapters come to provide high transfer rate, easier configuration and hot swapping capability. External SATA devices are becoming very popular and these host adapters will make use of them very easy. This won’t need any expensive SCSI drives for better performance.
What difference does a good graphics card make?
A graphics card or a video card is basically an expansion device which is used for processing the graphical information which is used for delivering the output images. Many graphic cards offer various functions which include high speed rendering of 3D graphics and also 2D scenes. The graphic card also performs functions like decoding of video content.Many motherboards have basic graphic cards soldered on to them to perform basic functions like producing the monitor output. Anyways, all the motherboards have expansion slots for connecting the external graphic card or other devices. The onboard graphics processor possesses a very little amount of memory and uses systems RAM to render graphics content. Modern graphic cards have evolved in to gaming devices which enable the processing of high quality 3D graphics to offer a smooth gaming experience.
A graphic card consists mainly of the following components:
Processing Unit: Also known as GPU (Graphics processing unit), this is responsible for all the processing involved in accelerating graphics. These processors are specifically optimized to perform 3D Floating point operations which are basic for 3D and 2D graphics. A GPU is characterized by its clock speed or core speed and the number of pipelines. Latest GPUs are parallel and they have higher processing power than many CPUs.
Memory: This can range from 128 MB to 8 GB in modern graphic cards. This memory is a high speed memory module as the GPU and Other components of graphic card use it. Typically, it can be DDR or GDDR. GDDR is graphics optimized DDR memory and is used in almost all the desktop video cards. DDR memory is used in mobile graphic cards due to the thermal and electrical limitations.
Video BIOS: This is another chip which contains the instructions for the graphic card’s operation. It also has information useful for the system to interact with the graphic card. This part is usually hidden and is different for different type of graphic cards. It determines the clock speed and sometimes also has functionality to overclock the graphic card.
RAMDAC: It stands for Random Access Memory Digital to Analog converter. As the name implies, it converts the digital output in to analog signal for use by output devices. Depending on the number of bits used and the RAMDAC-data-transfer rate, the converter will be able to support different computer-display refresh rates.
A graphic card generally has outputs which contain an analog output and a digital HDMI output. In the current market, AMD acquired ATI and NVIDIA are two world gaints in production of graphic processing units. AMDs Radeon 69XX series are some of the fastest graphic processing units available in the current market.
Why CPUs Need Heat Sinks?
Heat sinks are components that are responsible for transferring heat from a solid material to air or liquid medium. They increase the contact surface area to make heat transfer faster.
Modern computers have CPUs as their heart that processes all the data. Processors become hot very quickly but require cooling to function properly. This is what the heat sinks are for.
Computer h
eat sinks are attached to the processors to collect heat from them and transfer the collected heat to air or liquid media. Fans or thermal cooling solutions are attached to the heat sinks to take the heat away from them so they can provide necessary cooling to the processor.
Modern computers have CPUs as their heart that processes all the data. Processors become hot very quickly but require cooling to function properly. This is what the heat sinks are for.
Computer h
eat sinks are attached to the processors to collect heat from them and transfer the collected heat to air or liquid media. Fans or thermal cooling solutions are attached to the heat sinks to take the heat away from them so they can provide necessary cooling to the processor.
DDR3 SDRAM and its advantages over previous versions
DDR in DDR3 stands for Double Data Rate. It is the latest memory standard for hispeed SDRAM that we use in our computers. DDR3 is a improved version of DDR2 in many aspects. DDR3 Ram is a type of DRAM. DDR3 shows a lesser power consumption of 30 percent and also a lower operating voltage when compared to DDR2.
Lesser power consumption means less amount of heat generated. So, the cooling needs of DDR3 are less than DDR2. DDR3 Ram is not forward or backward compitable with any type of other RAM as the operating voltages, clock speeds, timing and several other factors.
DDR3 memory has a high bandwidth interface. In addition to all these advantages, DDR3 memory type also provides the facility of having up to 8 Gigabites of memory on board. DDR3 RAM modules have different notch positions to DDR2 to prevent accidental insertion of DDR3 memory in to DDR2 slots.
Lesser power consumption means less amount of heat generated. So, the cooling needs of DDR3 are less than DDR2. DDR3 Ram is not forward or backward compitable with any type of other RAM as the operating voltages, clock speeds, timing and several other factors.
DDR3 memory has a high bandwidth interface. In addition to all these advantages, DDR3 memory type also provides the facility of having up to 8 Gigabites of memory on board. DDR3 RAM modules have different notch positions to DDR2 to prevent accidental insertion of DDR3 memory in to DDR2 slots.
Monday, December 26, 2011
How to Clean RAM
In cleaning the computer’s RAM or Random Access Memory is easy and can be done in a matter of few minutes. First, you open your notepad and type mystring=(80000000). After typing the code, choose save file as at the file menu and save the code as ram.vbs as its file name and close the notepad. The file will be saved at the desktop and you need two double left click the new RAM cleaner icon to clean the RAM and your Ram is already clean. In saving the code, you can also change its name. Left click on the RAM cleaner icon then type the new name of the icon then press enter.
By: Sarah A.
By: Sarah A.
What is the better Gaming CPU?
What is the better gaming CPU? Is it the dual core CPU or Quad Core CPU? If you want older versions, current, or not aiming on the latest games for the next upcoming year then dual core CPU is better to use than Quad Core CPU. If you want the updated games or seek the new released games, then quad core CPU is the suitable processor for you since most of these games use all four cores and if your computer is not just for gaming but for other applications then quad core is better to use than dual core.
By: Sarah A.
By: Sarah A.
How to format your memory stick
Formatting a memory stick is also important to know so if this will be necessary then you’ll have the idea on how to do it. First, insert the memory stick at the device for example, a 16GB for psp. Second, go to the settings of psp and choose system settings. After choosing system settings find the “format memory stick” command and choose that command. It will let you decide if you really want to format your memory stick and if you press yes, it will again ask you if you want to continue and delete all the data in your memory stick. Choose yes and wait until it completes its formatting process.
By: Sarah A.
By: Sarah A.
Why CPUs Need Heat Sinks?
Heat sinks are components that are responsible for transferring heat from a solid material to air or liquid medium. They increase the contact surface area to make heat transfer faster.
Modern computers have CPUs as their heart that processes all the data. Processors become hot very quickly but require cooling to function properly. This is what the heat sinks are for.
Computer heat sinks are attached to the processors to collect heat from them and transfer the collected heat to air or liquid media. Fans or thermal cooling solutions are attached to the heat sinks to take the heat away from them so they can provide necessary cooling to the processor.
Modern computers have CPUs as their heart that processes all the data. Processors become hot very quickly but require cooling to function properly. This is what the heat sinks are for.
Computer h
eat sinks are attached to the processors to collect heat from them and transfer the collected heat to air or liquid media. Fans or thermal cooling solutions are attached to the heat sinks to take the heat away from them so they can provide necessary cooling to the processor.
Is DDR3 faster than DDR2?
DDR2 and DDR3 are the memories of the motherboard. Is ddr3 faster than ddr2? The answer is yes but not all the time and it still has its disadvantages too. It’s faster and has more bandwidth and produces less heat but when dealing on the price of ddr3, it’s two to three times more expensive than ddr2 memory especially when choosing a 4GB kit. Ddr2 memory has very tight timings therefore, even at its lowest range of speed, it can still outperform ddr3 memory to its highest speed. Bandwidth and memory latency are the factors that affect the speed of performance by both memories.
By: Sarah A.
By: Sarah A.
DDR3 SDRAM and its advantages over previous versions
DDR in DDR3 stands for Double Data Rate. It is the latest memory standard for hispeed SDRAM that we use in our computers. DDR3 is a improved version of DDR2 in many aspects. DDR3 Ram is a type of DRAM. DDR3 shows a lesser power consumption of 30 percent and also a lower operating voltage when compared to DDR2.
Lesser power consumption means less amount of heat generated. So, the cooling needs of DDR3 are less than DDR2. DDR3 Ram is not forward or backward compitable with any type of other RAM as the operating voltages, clock speeds, timing and several other factors.
DDR3 memory has a high bandwidth interface. In addition to all these advantages, DDR3 memory type also provides the facility of having up to 8 Gigabites of memory on board. DDR3 RAM modules have different notch positions to DDR2 to prevent accidental insertion of DDR3 memory in to DDR2 slots.
Lesser power consumption means less amount of heat generated. So, the cooling needs of DDR3 are less than DDR2. DDR3 Ram is not forward or backward compitable with any type of other RAM as the operating voltages, clock speeds, timing and several other factors.
DDR3 memory has a high bandwidth interface. In addition to all these advantages, DDR3 memory type also provides the facility of having up to 8 Gigabites of memory on board. DDR3 RAM modules have different notch positions to DDR2 to prevent accidental insertion of DDR3 memory in to DDR2 slots.
Microprocessor and its significance
Microprocessors are devices which accept digital information as input and process it according to the instructions stored on its memory and produce the output. It is an example of sequential digital logic system.Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system. The latest CPUs like intels i3, i5 and i7 are also microprocessors.
The first cpu was developed by Intel and was called Intel 4004. Microprocessors are generally used in personal computers, mobile phones and other devices like autonomous robotics. They are now used almost in every electronic device where processing is necessary like media players, mp3 players, optical disk players, network devices and many others.
Some of the first units are 8-bit designs. Then 12-bit microprocessors were developed. 16-bit and 32-bit were developed which were quite popular due to their computing ability. The latest version however is a 64-bit which is used in high speed computers.
Smart cards and their uses
Smart cards
are pocket sized cards with integrated circuits on them. They may generally contain volatile memory or microprocessor components. In large scale industries and organisations, smart cards can provide high security authentication. The card is generally made of plastic and has external metallic strips for contact interface.
A typical Smart card may have the size of a credit card. It can have different types of functionality according to its use. For instance, if the card is used for a security purpose, it may have a secure cryptographic microprocessor for authentication. Additionally, a smart card may also have the functionality to interact with atm machines or other vending machines.
Smart cards can provide identification, authentication, data storage and application processing capabilities. There are other types of smart cards that do not require contact. These smart cards function through radio signals.
are pocket sized cards with integrated circuits on them. They may generally contain volatile memory or microprocessor components. In large scale industries and organisations, smart cards can provide high security authentication. The card is generally made of plastic and has external metallic strips for contact interface.A typical Smart card may have the size of a credit card. It can have different types of functionality according to its use. For instance, if the card is used for a security purpose, it may have a secure cryptographic microprocessor for authentication. Additionally, a smart card may also have the functionality to interact with atm machines or other vending machines.
Smart cards can provide identification, authentication, data storage and application processing capabilities. There are other types of smart cards that do not require contact. These smart cards function through radio signals.
Microprocessor and its significance
Microprocessors are devices which accept digital information as input and process it according to the instructions stored on its memory and produce the output. It is an example of sequential digital logic system.Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system. The latest CPUs like intels i3, i5 and i7 are also microprocessors.
The first cpu was developed by Intel and was called Intel 4004. Microprocessors are generally used in personal computers, mobile phones and other devices like autonomous robotics. They are now used almost in every electronic device where processing is necessary like media players, mp3 players, optical disk players, network devices and many others.
Some of the first units are 8-bit designs. Then 12-bit microprocessors were developed. 16-bit and 32-bit were developed which were quite popular due to their computing ability. The latest version however is a 64-bit which is used in high speed computers.
Smart cards and their uses
Smart cards are pocket sized cards with integrated circuits on them. They may generally contain volatile memory or microprocessor components. In large scale industries and organisations, smart cards can provide high security authentication. The card is generally made of plastic and has external metallic strips for contact interface.
A typical Smart card may have the size of a credit card. It can have different types of functionality according to its use. For instance, if the card is used for a security purpose, it may have a secure cryptographic microprocessor for authentication. Additionally, a smart card may also have the functionality to interact with atm machines or other vending machines.
Smart cards can provide identification, authentication, data storage and application processing capabilities. There are other types of smart cards that do not require contact. These smart cards function through radio signals.
are pocket sized cards with integrated circuits on them. They may generally contain volatile memory or microprocessor components. In large scale industries and organisations, smart cards can provide high security authentication. The card is generally made of plastic and has external metallic strips for contact interface.A typical Smart card may have the size of a credit card. It can have different types of functionality according to its use. For instance, if the card is used for a security purpose, it may have a secure cryptographic microprocessor for authentication. Additionally, a smart card may also have the functionality to interact with atm machines or other vending machines.
Smart cards can provide identification, authentication, data storage and application processing capabilities. There are other types of smart cards that do not require contact. These smart cards function through radio signals.
ROM and its role in computer systems
ROM stands for Read only memory. ROM devices are usually those memory modules which have been fabricated with data permanently. But in most modern ROMs the data stored can be modified slowly and is difficult when compared to other memories.
So, ROM chips are used in places where there is a very little need for the modification of the data stored. ROM is mostly used in the development of firmware memory modules as firmware does not need frequent updates.
Floppy, CDs and DVDs are also a type of ROM although erasable CDs and DVDs exist. But to modify data in a rewritable CD or DVD, the disk should be completely erased and then modified unlike Hard Drives in which the data can be modified without having to erase the entire content. The erasable ROM devices are in their highest form with the NAND flash memory which is being used as a storage substitute in many applications.
So, ROM chips are used in places where there is a very little need for the modification of the data stored. ROM is mostly used in the development of firmware memory modules as firmware does not need frequent updates.
Floppy, CDs and DVDs are also a type of ROM although erasable CDs and DVDs exist. But to modify data in a rewritable CD or DVD, the disk should be completely erased and then modified unlike Hard Drives in which the data can be modified without having to erase the entire content. The erasable ROM devices are in their highest form with the NAND flash memory which is being used as a storage substitute in many applications.
Graphics Cards – How Much Memory Do They Need?
When advertising, numbers always demonstrate the idea of improvement in a very simple and understandable way. Like, version 2.0 is better than version 1.0 and 4GB RAM is better than 3GB. This is because more is better and it’s a truth that is accepted throughout the universe.
But the real world is not that simple. Graphics cards
manufacturers use the RAM as a marketing tool. They put gigabytes of memory in a card that has too low a processing power to even use that amount of memory. These GPUs don’t have the necessary power to run games at resolutions and detail levels that would require such huge amount of RAM. So, a low end card doesn’t need gigs of memory when it can not even use it. High end cards have proper power that is needed to run high configuration games and they need a large amount of RAM to do so.
But the real world is not that simple. Graphics cards
manufacturers use the RAM as a marketing tool. They put gigabytes of memory in a card that has too low a processing power to even use that amount of memory. These GPUs don’t have the necessary power to run games at resolutions and detail levels that would require such huge amount of RAM. So, a low end card doesn’t need gigs of memory when it can not even use it. High end cards have proper power that is needed to run high configuration games and they need a large amount of RAM to do so.
Types of Computer Memories
We have come a long way from the days when heavy tape drives were used to store information to hand held little devices available today. Computer memory is nothing but the collection of data on physical devices in a digital format i:e 0's and 1's.
To classify memory, there are two types broadly, one is volatile and the other is non volatile. As their name suggests, volatile memory can store information only till it is supplied with electric energy and non volatile memory can retain the information even after the supply is disconnected.
In present day computers, RAM is a volatile but high speed memory, while Hard Drives are non volatile but low speed memory. There are many types of volatile and non volatile memories that have been developed. Among them, Different types of RAM like SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3 etc stand for volatile and flash drives, hard disks and optical storage devices are a few types that come under the non volatile category.
To classify memory, there are two types broadly, one is volatile and the other is non volatile. As their name suggests, volatile memory can store information only till it is supplied with electric energy and non volatile memory can retain the information even after the supply is disconnected.
In present day computers, RAM is a volatile but high speed memory, while Hard Drives are non volatile but low speed memory. There are many types of volatile and non volatile memories that have been developed. Among them, Different types of RAM like SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3 etc stand for volatile and flash drives, hard disks and optical storage devices are a few types that come under the non volatile category.
Sunday, December 25, 2011
ROM and its role in computer systems
ROM stands for Read only memory. ROM devices are usually those memory modules which have been fabricated with data permanently. But in most modern ROMs the data stored can be modified slowly and is difficult when compared to other memories.
So, ROM chips are used in places where there is a very little need for the modification of the data stored. ROM is mostly used in the development of firmware memory modules as firmware does not need frequent updates.
Floppy, CDs and DVDs are also a type of ROM although erasable CDs and DVDs exist. But to modify data in a rewritable CD or DVD, the disk should be completely erased and then modified unlike Hard Drives in which the data can be modified without having to erase the entire content. The erasable ROM devices are in their highest form with the NAND flash memory which is being used as a storage substitute in many applications.
So, ROM chips are used in places where there is a very little need for the modification of the data stored. ROM is mostly used in the development of firmware memory modules as firmware does not need frequent updates.
Floppy, CDs and DVDs are also a type of ROM although erasable CDs and DVDs exist. But to modify data in a rewritable CD or DVD, the disk should be completely erased and then modified unlike Hard Drives in which the data can be modified without having to erase the entire content. The erasable ROM devices are in their highest form with the NAND flash memory which is being used as a storage substitute in many applications.
Graphics Cards – How Much Memory Do They Need?
When advertising, numbers always demonstrate the idea of improvement in a very simple and understandable way. Like, version 2.0 is better than version 1.0 and 4GB RAM is better than 3GB. This is because more is better and it’s a truth that is accepted throughout the universe.
But the real world is not that simple. Graphics cards manufacturers use the RAM as a marketing tool. They put gigabytes of memory in a card that has too low a processing power to even use that amount of memory. These GPUs don’t have the necessary power to run games at resolutions and detail levels that would require such huge amount of RAM. So, a low end card doesn’t need gigs of memory when it can not even use it. High end cards have proper power that is needed to run high configuration games and they need a large amount of RAM to do so.
But the real world is not that simple. Graphics cards
manufacturers use the RAM as a marketing tool. They put gigabytes of memory in a card that has too low a processing power to even use that amount of memory. These GPUs don’t have the necessary power to run games at resolutions and detail levels that would require such huge amount of RAM. So, a low end card doesn’t need gigs of memory when it can not even use it. High end cards have proper power that is needed to run high configuration games and they need a large amount of RAM to do so.
Types of Computer Memories
We have come a long way from the days when heavy tape drives were used to store information to hand held little devices available today. Computer memory is nothing but the collection of data on physical devices in a digital format i:e 0's and 1's.
To classify memory, there are two types broadly, one is volatile and the other is non volatile. As their name suggests, volatile memory can store information only till it is supplied with electric energy and non volatile memory can retain the information even after the supply is disconnected.
In present day computers, RAM is a volatile but high speed memory, while Hard Drives are non volatile but low speed memory. There are many types of volatile and non volatile memories that have been developed. Among them, Different types of RAM like SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3 etc stand for volatile and flash drives, hard disks and optical storage devices are a few types that come under the non volatile category.
To classify memory, there are two types broadly, one is volatile and the other is non volatile. As their name suggests, volatile memory can store information only till it is supplied with electric energy and non volatile memory can retain the information even after the supply is disconnected.
In present day computers, RAM is a volatile but high speed memory, while Hard Drives are non volatile but low speed memory. There are many types of volatile and non volatile memories that have been developed. Among them, Different types of RAM like SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3 etc stand for volatile and flash drives, hard disks and optical storage devices are a few types that come under the non volatile category.
Think ThinkPad Laptop Notebook Computer
ThinkPad is a brand of notebook computers from electronics manufacturing firm Lenovo
. Originally produced by IBM, the ThinkPad series has been continually updated over the years to include the latest computer hardware and operating systems, making them appropriate for professional and personal users alike.
Net helps to know about existing value of the laptop computers with latest specs. By clicking online links one can redirect to official website and images are very amazing makes buyers to give order and also to facilitate the consumers all support supplied by traders. Catalogs given on the internet web sites aid to get needed facts and comparison of costs over on-line web-sites were an additional approach for picking ideal site.
The ThinkPad laptop computer was created with Bluetooth, wi-fi accessibility technologies to give a lot more benefit for organization agents and to make field transfer simpler. Every laptop in this series has included a color LCD (liquid crystal display) screen, with newer models featuring screens capable of displaying higher resolutions and greater color gamut. These computers are traditionally black, though models have used various materials including titanium, plastic and magnesium alloys in their construction. This gives ThinkPads a durable case, making them attractive to professionals for field use.
Known for their reliability, quality, durability, and performance, these laptops are popular with large businesses and schools. The ThinkPad has also been used in space, and is the only laptop certified for use on the International Space Station. Technology critics have cited the units rigid, durable construction, reliability and overall value. New models have been quick to adopt the latest processors or input and output ports, earning further praise. One complaint is the fact that ThinkPad designs have changed very little, with current models resembling old, outdated machines.
By: Ethel
. Originally produced by IBM, the ThinkPad series has been continually updated over the years to include the latest computer hardware and operating systems, making them appropriate for professional and personal users alike.Net helps to know about existing value of the laptop computers with latest specs. By clicking online links one can redirect to official website and images are very amazing makes buyers to give order and also to facilitate the consumers all support supplied by traders. Catalogs given on the internet web sites aid to get needed facts and comparison of costs over on-line web-sites were an additional approach for picking ideal site.
The ThinkPad laptop computer was created with Bluetooth, wi-fi accessibility technologies to give a lot more benefit for organization agents and to make field transfer simpler. Every laptop in this series has included a color LCD (liquid crystal display) screen, with newer models featuring screens capable of displaying higher resolutions and greater color gamut. These computers are traditionally black, though models have used various materials including titanium, plastic and magnesium alloys in their construction. This gives ThinkPads a durable case, making them attractive to professionals for field use.
Known for their reliability, quality, durability, and performance, these laptops are popular with large businesses and schools. The ThinkPad has also been used in space, and is the only laptop certified for use on the International Space Station. Technology critics have cited the units rigid, durable construction, reliability and overall value. New models have been quick to adopt the latest processors or input and output ports, earning further praise. One complaint is the fact that ThinkPad designs have changed very little, with current models resembling old, outdated machines.
By: Ethel
Why Should We Use Smartcards?
Windows 7 and other 3rd party softwares also use Smart cards for a variety of reasons including: authentication, access control, and for single sign-on for many different systems.
Most of the Smartcards
don't allow the private key to be exported and it is difficult to remove. These products are often used for single sign-on. Single sign-on means that one sign-on is used for many independent systems like using your smartcard in logging on to your building, in Windows and in Unix systems.
One problem with these types of cards is when you let your friends or family use it making them access to your system without your approval but this can be avoided because of Multi Factor Authentication used by Windows 7. Multi Factor Authentication means having two or more systems are for authentication.
Most of the Smartcards
don't allow the private key to be exported and it is difficult to remove. These products are often used for single sign-on. Single sign-on means that one sign-on is used for many independent systems like using your smartcard in logging on to your building, in Windows and in Unix systems.One problem with these types of cards is when you let your friends or family use it making them access to your system without your approval but this can be avoided because of Multi Factor Authentication used by Windows 7. Multi Factor Authentication means having two or more systems are for authentication.
Information about RAM
RAM
or Random Access Memory is used to hold the information needed to make your computer work and start. When you switch the power on, it reads all information which is needed to start one of the hard drives into memory and once the window is loaded, the computers loads the different applications stored in it.
The reason for this is because computer RAM is a hundred times faster than a hard drive which allows the computer to perform faster. 2GB of RAM is recommended if you want to store photo and video files always. Speed of RAM is measured in MHz or MHz. Another speed is the CAS speed which is measured in Nano seconds or ns.
or Random Access Memory is used to hold the information needed to make your computer work and start. When you switch the power on, it reads all information which is needed to start one of the hard drives into memory and once the window is loaded, the computers loads the different applications stored in it.The reason for this is because computer RAM is a hundred times faster than a hard drive which allows the computer to perform faster. 2GB of RAM is recommended if you want to store photo and video files always. Speed of RAM is measured in MHz or MHz. Another speed is the CAS speed which is measured in Nano seconds or ns.
Think ThinkPad Laptop Notebook Computer
ThinkPad is a brand of notebook computers from electronics manufacturing firm Lenovo. Originally produced by IBM, the ThinkPad series has been continually updated over the years to include the latest computer hardware and operating systems, making them appropriate for professional and personal users alike.
Net helps to know about existing value of the laptop computers with latest specs. By clicking online links one can redirect to official website and images are very amazing makes buyers to give order and also to facilitate the consumers all support supplied by traders. Catalogs given on the internet web sites aid to get needed facts and comparison of costs over on-line web-sites were an additional approach for picking ideal site.
The ThinkPad laptop computer was created with Bluetooth, wi-fi accessibility technologies to give a lot more benefit for organization agents and to make field transfer simpler. Every laptop in this series has included a color LCD (liquid crystal display) screen, with newer models featuring screens capable of displaying higher resolutions and greater color gamut. These computers are traditionally black, though models have used various materials including titanium, plastic and magnesium alloys in their construction. This gives ThinkPads a durable case, making them attractive to professionals for field use.
Known for their reliability, quality, durability, and performance, these laptops are popular with large businesses and schools. The ThinkPad has also been used in space, and is the only laptop certified for use on the International Space Station. Technology critics have cited the units rigid, durable construction, reliability and overall value. New models have been quick to adopt the latest processors or input and output ports, earning further praise. One complaint is the fact that ThinkPad designs have changed very little, with current models resembling old, outdated machines.
By: Ethel
. Originally produced by IBM, the ThinkPad series has been continually updated over the years to include the latest computer hardware and operating systems, making them appropriate for professional and personal users alike.Net helps to know about existing value of the laptop computers with latest specs. By clicking online links one can redirect to official website and images are very amazing makes buyers to give order and also to facilitate the consumers all support supplied by traders. Catalogs given on the internet web sites aid to get needed facts and comparison of costs over on-line web-sites were an additional approach for picking ideal site.
The ThinkPad laptop computer was created with Bluetooth, wi-fi accessibility technologies to give a lot more benefit for organization agents and to make field transfer simpler. Every laptop in this series has included a color LCD (liquid crystal display) screen, with newer models featuring screens capable of displaying higher resolutions and greater color gamut. These computers are traditionally black, though models have used various materials including titanium, plastic and magnesium alloys in their construction. This gives ThinkPads a durable case, making them attractive to professionals for field use.
Known for their reliability, quality, durability, and performance, these laptops are popular with large businesses and schools. The ThinkPad has also been used in space, and is the only laptop certified for use on the International Space Station. Technology critics have cited the units rigid, durable construction, reliability and overall value. New models have been quick to adopt the latest processors or input and output ports, earning further praise. One complaint is the fact that ThinkPad designs have changed very little, with current models resembling old, outdated machines.
By: Ethel
Difference of DRAM from SRAM
DRAM or Dynamic Random Access Memory is the main memory and needs constant refreshing making it slower while SRAM or Static Access Random Memory is the cache memory that does not need refreshing but it is thus more expensive.
DRAM is physically stored on Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMMs) having a 64 bit path that uses EDO or Extended Data Output and (Single Inline Memory Module) SIMMs with a data path of 32 bits and comes in a variety of ways such as PFM or the Fast Page Mode while SRAM is housed on the system board on Cash on a Stick (COAST) modules or single chips or included inside the processor case.
CPUs-Have a Quick Look
Central Processing Unit (CPU) or in other words, the Processor, is recognized as the brain of a computer system. All the instructions, calculations, logical and arithmetic operations, and I/O operations are performed and executed from this unit. The fundamental operation includes the execution of some instructions stored in the physical memory, which is also called a program. A program consists of some series of numbers arranged in a logical form.
For any kind of CPUs, the basic steps of operations are the same. Generally, those are represented as fetch, decode, execute and mark back. Firstly, the fetch step recovers the stored instructions from the memory, and then the decoding step decodes the instruction for creating a significant signal to the different parts of the CPU. After that, execution takes place, in this step; various parts of the CPU join themselves accordingly to perform the requested task.
Finally, in the mark back step, it marks or writes the instruction found in the execution step in a form of memory for quick future operation. Processors from different brands like Intel, AMD, Compaq, Samsung, Dell, Ncr, Alcatel, are available for an affordable price.
For any kind of CPUs, the basic steps of operations are the same. Generally, those are represented as fetch, decode, execute and mark back. Firstly, the fetch step recovers the stored instructions from the memory, and then the decoding step decodes the instruction for creating a significant signal to the different parts of the CPU. After that, execution takes place, in this step; various parts of the CPU join themselves accordingly to perform the requested task.
Finally, in the mark back step, it marks or writes the instruction found in the execution step in a form of memory for quick future operation. Processors from different brands like Intel, AMD, Compaq, Samsung, Dell, Ncr, Alcatel, are available for an affordable price.
Why Should We Use Smartcards?
Windows 7 and other 3rd party softwares also use Smart cards for a variety of reasons including: authentication, access control, and for single sign-on for many different systems.
Most of the Smartcards don't allow the private key to be exported and it is difficult to remove. These products are often used for single sign-on. Single sign-on means that one sign-on is used for many independent systems like using your smartcard in logging on to your building, in Windows and in Unix systems.
One problem with these types of cards is when you let your friends or family use it making them access to your system without your approval but this can be avoided because of Multi Factor Authentication used by Windows 7. Multi Factor Authentication means having two or more systems are for authentication.
Most of the Smartcards
don't allow the private key to be exported and it is difficult to remove. These products are often used for single sign-on. Single sign-on means that one sign-on is used for many independent systems like using your smartcard in logging on to your building, in Windows and in Unix systems.One problem with these types of cards is when you let your friends or family use it making them access to your system without your approval but this can be avoided because of Multi Factor Authentication used by Windows 7. Multi Factor Authentication means having two or more systems are for authentication.
Saturday, December 24, 2011
Information about RAM
RAM or Random Access Memory is used to hold the information needed to make your computer work and start. When you switch the power on, it reads all information which is needed to start one of the hard drives into memory and once the window is loaded, the computers loads the different applications stored in it.
The reason for this is because computer RAM is a hundred times faster than a hard drive which allows the computer to perform faster. 2GB of RAM is recommended if you want to store photo and video files always. Speed of RAM is measured in MHz or MHz. Another speed is the CAS speed which is measured in Nano seconds or ns.
or Random Access Memory is used to hold the information needed to make your computer work and start. When you switch the power on, it reads all information which is needed to start one of the hard drives into memory and once the window is loaded, the computers loads the different applications stored in it.The reason for this is because computer RAM is a hundred times faster than a hard drive which allows the computer to perform faster. 2GB of RAM is recommended if you want to store photo and video files always. Speed of RAM is measured in MHz or MHz. Another speed is the CAS speed which is measured in Nano seconds or ns.
Difference of DRAM from SRAM
DRAM or Dynamic Random Access Memory is the main memory and needs constant refreshing making it slower while SRAM or Static Access Random Memory is the cache memory that does not need refreshing but it is thus more expensive.
DRAM is physically stored on Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMMs) having a 64 bit path that uses EDO or Extended Data Output and (Single Inline Memory Module) SIMMs with a data path of 32 bits and comes in a variety of ways such as PFM or the Fast Page Mode while SRAM is housed on the system board on Cash on a Stick (COAST) modules or single chips or included inside the processor case.
CPUs-Have a Quick Look
Central Processing Unit (CPU) or in other words, the Processor, is recognized as the brain of a computer system. All the instructions, calculations, logical and arithmetic operations, and I/O operations are performed and executed from this unit. The fundamental operation includes the execution of some instructions stored in the physical memory, which is also called a program. A program consists of some series of numbers arranged in a logical form.
For any kind of CPUs, the basic steps of operations are the same. Generally, those are represented as fetch, decode, execute and mark back. Firstly, the fetch step recovers the stored instructions from the memory, and then the decoding step decodes the instruction for creating a significant signal to the different parts of the CPU. After that, execution takes place, in this step; various parts of the CPU join themselves accordingly to perform the requested task.
Finally, in the mark back step, it marks or writes the instruction found in the execution step in a form of memory for quick future operation. Processors from different brands like Intel, AMD, Compaq, Samsung, Dell, Ncr, Alcatel, are available for an affordable price.
For any kind of CPUs, the basic steps of operations are the same. Generally, those are represented as fetch, decode, execute and mark back. Firstly, the fetch step recovers the stored instructions from the memory, and then the decoding step decodes the instruction for creating a significant signal to the different parts of the CPU. After that, execution takes place, in this step; various parts of the CPU join themselves accordingly to perform the requested task.
Finally, in the mark back step, it marks or writes the instruction found in the execution step in a form of memory for quick future operation. Processors from different brands like Intel, AMD, Compaq, Samsung, Dell, Ncr, Alcatel, are available for an affordable price.
PROMs-Things to Know
Programmable read-only memory, shortly pronounced as PROM is one kind memory that holds the data written on it permanently. In this type of memory, data can be written for only one time. However, there is a significant difference between a RAM and PROM. The RAM can hold the data when the computer is turned on, but the information containing on a PROM remains there even after the computer is turned off.
Another difference between PROM and ROM is, during the manufacturing procedure, the ROM is programmed by the manufacturers, while PROM is designed as a blank memory and a user can write data on it by the help of a PROM burner.
Another difference between PROM and ROM is, during the manufacturing procedure, the ROM is programmed by the manufacturers, while PROM is designed as a blank memory and a user can write data on it by the help of a PROM burner.
PROMs-Things to Know
Programmable read-only memory, shortly pronounced as PROM is one kind memory that holds the data written on it permanently. In this type of memory, data can be written for only one time. However, there is a significant difference between a RAM and PROM. The RAM can hold the data when the computer is turned on, but the information containing on a PROM remains there even after the computer is turned off.
Another difference between PROM and ROM is, during the manufacturing procedure, the ROM is programmed by the manufacturers, while PROM is designed as a blank memory and a user can write data on it by the help of a PROM burner.
Another difference between PROM and ROM is, during the manufacturing procedure, the ROM is programmed by the manufacturers, while PROM is designed as a blank memory and a user can write data on it by the help of a PROM burner.
Friday, December 23, 2011
I/O Interface
I/O or, alternatively known as input/output refers to any operation, device or program that creates linking or communication between a computer system and outer objects. Input means to enter data to the system, and output is the sent data from the system. Basically, data transferred from or to the host and from or to a secondary device is termed as I/O. In doing so, several input and output devices are used. For example, mouse, keyboard, CD/DVD drives, punch card, etc., are input devices that enter the data to the system. Alternatively, display monitor, printers, etc. are the output devices. Alternatively, DVD-R/W acts as both an input and output device accordingly.
In order to accomplish the desired communication, an I/O interface s required. And to do so, the interface should have the required logic that is capable of interpreting the device location engendered by the main processor. HP, Sun Microsystems, Dell, Compaq is some of the renowned brands that provide such I/O boards
In order to accomplish the desired communication, an I/O interface s required. And to do so, the interface should have the required logic that is capable of interpreting the device location engendered by the main processor. HP, Sun Microsystems, Dell, Compaq is some of the renowned brands that provide such I/O boards
Thursday, December 22, 2011
I/O Interface
I/O or, alternatively known as input/output refers to any operation, device or program that creates linking or communication between a computer system and outer objects. Input means to enter data to the system, and output is the sent data from the system. Basically, data transferred from or to the host and from or to a secondary device is termed as I/O. In doing so, several input and output devices are used. For example, mouse, keyboard, CD/DVD drives, punch card, etc., are input devices that enter the data to the system. Alternatively, display monitor, printers, etc. are the output devices. Alternatively, DVD-R/W acts as both an input and output device accordingly.
In order to accomplish the desired communication, an I/O interface s required. And to do so, the interface should have the required logic that is capable of interpreting the device location engendered by the main processor. HP, Sun Microsystems, Dell, Compaq is some of the renowned brands that provide such I/O boards
In order to accomplish the desired communication, an I/O interface s required. And to do so, the interface should have the required logic that is capable of interpreting the device location engendered by the main processor. HP, Sun Microsystems, Dell, Compaq is some of the renowned brands that provide such I/O boards
Main Logic Board
Generally, logic is the methodical study of the basic principles of legitimate inference and appropriate interpretation. In case of computers, logic is the systematic arrangements of procedures and principles related to mathematical and arithmetic calculations required to perform different operations. Main logic is implemented on the main board of a computer to accumulate all the necessary logical instructions from diverse primary and secondary components.
Main logic boards act as the heart for any computer system. Various complex calculations, measurements, signaling, different analyses are done with the direct interference of main logic. The microprocessor is one kind of logically structured component that performs all the execution accordingly.
Main logic boards act as the heart for any computer system. Various complex calculations, measurements, signaling, different analyses are done with the direct interference of main logic. The microprocessor is one kind of logically structured component that performs all the execution accordingly.
Things to Know About Controllers
Generally, a controller is known as the system or device that controls several components in order to achieve maximum performance. Computer controllers are referred as the devices that control any kind of data transfer from the host to other secondary devices like display screens, disk drives, printers, keyboards, etc. For any kind of personal computer, the controller is designed to work with the computer’s extension bus.
Basically, when a new computer system is assembled, it consists of all the indispensable and standard controllers required to enable the peripheral devices as stated above, and many others as well. Usually, the controllers are single chips that control all the devices linked with a personal computer.
In general, there are three types of bus structural design available for personal computers, namely the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), the AT bus, and the SCSI. Numerous brands of controllers are available nowadays with affordable prices such as Compaq, IBM, Adaptec, Mylex, and many others. You should purchase the controllers that support your computer’s bus architecture to get the best performance.
Basically, when a new computer system is assembled, it consists of all the indispensable and standard controllers required to enable the peripheral devices as stated above, and many others as well. Usually, the controllers are single chips that control all the devices linked with a personal computer.
In general, there are three types of bus structural design available for personal computers, namely the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), the AT bus, and the SCSI. Numerous brands of controllers are available nowadays with affordable prices such as Compaq, IBM, Adaptec, Mylex, and many others. You should purchase the controllers that support your computer’s bus architecture to get the best performance.
Main Logic Board
Generally, logic is the methodical study of the basic principles of legitimate inference and appropriate interpretation. In case of computers, logic is the systematic arrangements of procedures and principles related to mathematical and arithmetic calculations required to perform different operations. Main logic is implemented on the main board of a computer to accumulate all the necessary logical instructions from diverse primary and secondary components.
Main logic boards act as the heart for any computer system. Various complex calculations, measurements, signaling, different analyses are done with the direct interference of main logic. The microprocessor is one kind of logically structured component that performs all the execution accordingly.
Main logic boards act as the heart for any computer system. Various complex calculations, measurements, signaling, different analyses are done with the direct interference of main logic. The microprocessor is one kind of logically structured component that performs all the execution accordingly.
Wednesday, December 21, 2011
Things to Know About Controllers
Generally, a controller is known as the system or device that controls several components in order to achieve maximum performance. Computer controllers are referred as the devices that control any kind of data transfer from the host to other secondary devices like display screens, disk drives, printers, keyboards, etc. For any kind of personal computer, the controller is designed to work with the computer’s extension bus.
Basically, when a new computer system is assembled, it consists of all the indispensable and standard controllers required to enable the peripheral devices as stated above, and many others as well. Usually, the controllers are single chips that control all the devices linked with a personal computer.
In general, there are three types of bus structural design available for personal computers, namely the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), the AT bus, and the SCSI. Numerous brands of controllers are available nowadays with affordable prices such as Compaq, IBM, Adaptec, Mylex, and many others. You should purchase the controllers that support your computer’s bus architecture to get the best performance.
Basically, when a new computer system is assembled, it consists of all the indispensable and standard controllers required to enable the peripheral devices as stated above, and many others as well. Usually, the controllers are single chips that control all the devices linked with a personal computer.
In general, there are three types of bus structural design available for personal computers, namely the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), the AT bus, and the SCSI. Numerous brands of controllers are available nowadays with affordable prices such as Compaq, IBM, Adaptec, Mylex, and many others. You should purchase the controllers that support your computer’s bus architecture to get the best performance.
DDR Memory
DDR, the short form of Double Data Rate is one kind of memory module that transfers data at a doubling rate than a SDRAM memory module. It means it transfers two data portion per clock sequence. In order to get the maximum performance, this memory needs to be used in a moderately updated computer system.
However, if a memory module is labeled with DDR-800, then it is capable of working at 400MHz speed. The label indicates the maximum range that this memory module can support. Since, the controller used for this kind of memory is located outside the module and somewhere within the CPU, so the data transfer rate may vary accordingly.
However, if a memory module is labeled with DDR-800, then it is capable of working at 400MHz speed. The label indicates the maximum range that this memory module can support. Since, the controller used for this kind of memory is located outside the module and somewhere within the CPU, so the data transfer rate may vary accordingly.
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